Turning Points – Transforming Middle Schools: Teaching Literacy in Turning Points Schools - "Turning Points is a national design for middle school change, coordinated by the Center for Collaborative Education in Boston, Massachusetts, which serves as the National Turning Points Center. The design focuses on restructuring middle schools to improve learning, teaching, and assessment for all students. It is based on the seminal Turning Points report issued by the Carnegie Corporation in 1989, which concentrated on the considerable risks that young adolescents face as they reach the “turning point” between childhood and adulthood. The purpose of this guide is to provide a middle school literacy model, to describe practices and strategies of literacy education, and to assist school communities as they implement a balanced Turning Points literacy program that is responsive to the particular needs of middle school students."

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